Estrogen receptors are proteins found on the surface of cells, particularly in the reproductive organs, that are responsible for binding to the hormone estrogen. These receptors play a crucial role in regulating various biological processes, including growth, development, and reproduction. Research in the field of estrogen receptors focuses on understanding how these receptors function, their role in health and disease, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting them. This research area is of particular interest in the fields of endocrinology, oncology, and reproductive biology.